https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_trollIf you want to make something , or write a program.
A guy that has a patent for something like it might sue you.
Not because he can make your thing or write your program or that his patent is really applicable to your thing .
No he just wants you to throw money at him to make him shut up.
When big companies do the same thing sometimes, it is to stifle competition.
If it takes you ten years in a court room to prove that your invention or program is really yours by then the profit could be gone from it.
Either way , real trolls might buy the rights to many patents on speculation that some of them can be exploited this way.