<<Who here believes the bible exists? (Me. It's in your local bookstore and motel 6.)>>
Yeah, I think it's pretty much a given that the Bible exists.
<<Who believes it's fiction? Who believes it's fact?>>
I believe the Old Testament is a mixture of fact and fiction. Mostly fiction, but in many cases, superb story-telling. Great fiction. The Moses story is pure fiction, apparently. Someone recently unearthed the official archives of Egypt for a 600-year period during which the Exodus had to have occurred, and there was no mention at all of Hebrews, nothing about Hebrew slaves, departure of Hebrew slaves, etc. The destruction of the Temple and the Babylonian exile are semi-true - - a lot of intellectuals and brain-workers chose to go to Babylon, which was a magnet in its day like New York is today. And I guess the Temple really was destroyed.
I believe the New Testament is pure bullshit. It's actually blasphemous to suggest that God had a son, let alone that he supposedly fathered this son through a woman. To me it's either some kind of a miracle every day that there isn't some form of divine outrage expressed through lightning bolts hitting preachers or else maybe it's proof that God doesn't really exist anyway, or even proof that God exists and He or She just doesn't give a shit. Take your pick, bottom line is that nobody is ever gonna know.
<<How has it been translated?>>
We're Jewish and we don't use a translation, the Bible is read in the original Hebrew. Lots of editions have English translations on the facing page with all kinds of footnotes. Sometimes they credit "others" (usually the King James English translations) with variant translations if the variant is well-known generally, for example a "soft murmuring" heard as the voice of God by one of the Prophets also credits the "still small voice" version of the King James translators.
My understanding of the King James version is that it was done by a committee of Biblical scholars in the reign of James I under royal patronage. There is an old joke about this Canadian farmer, obviously a Bible reader, who was asked by a reporter what he thought of bilingualism, and the farmer said, "Bilingualism, ya mean like printing the labels on the Corn Flakes boxes in English AND French both?" and the reporter says, "Yes, that's bilingualism," and the farmer says, "Well I'll tell ya. If English was good enough for Jesus Christ, then it's good enough for me."
<<Is it the LITERAL speaking of the Christian God?>>
LOL.
<<Why are there so many versions?>>
XO nailed that one. Different people believe some parts should or shouldn't be there. Also, stylistically. The King James version sounds pretty archaic to a lot of folks. Back in the 1960s, somebody wanted a Bible that would appeal to young people, so the Good News Bible came out - - it's pretty much the KJ version, but in more modern English. Also the writers claim to have corrected some of the translation errors found in the KJ version. There's also an RCC version.
<<How does it differ from, say, the Torah, Koran, Book of Mormon... ?>>
Torah is just the Old Testament in the original Hebrew. The Talmud is a commentary on the Torah, also in Hebrew, and I think maybe partly in Aramaic. The Koran is very poetic (so is the Torah) but it starts off with some very striking descriptions of the natural world, which I thought was some of the most moving literature I had ever read. Unfortunately, I never got very far into the Koran. It started to get repetitive and boring, so I just quit. Book of Mormon I never looked at.
If those three dots represent other so-called sacred literature, I can comment on two: Bhagavad Gita is a Hindu text of man's place and duty to the world, and in the Juan Mascaro translation, available in Penguin Paperback, it's one of the greatest spiritual works I've ever read. It starts off just before a great battle between two armies and one of the generals suddenly realizes that just as his own army is made up of fathers, sons, teachers, philosphers, etc., so is the other army, so what the f--k are they fighting for anyway? He wants to quit but his adviser and charioteer (who is really God in disguise) tells him that he has a duty to fight and he will bring shame on himself and his family if he just quits. He is told to "prepare for war with peace in your heart" because you can't really kill the other side anyway (they're all gonna be reincarnated sooner or later) but it's bad to harbour hatred in your heart for anyone, even the enemy you are going to have to fight. The whole of the Gita is just the extended conversation between Krishna and Arjuna, sort of an extended Q & A about life and God.
The Dhammapada, also in Penguin Paperback and also translated by Juan Mascaro, is a classic Buddhist text and contains many interesting and worthwhile sayings of the Buddha. One for example is to thank the man who points out your faults to you as if he had just shown you the map to a great buried treasure. It's basically a series of quotes about the spiritual life, very readable because the quotes are all mostly just little sound-bites. The Bible and the Koran are much harder to read because they contain long stories, complex and largely senseless laws, etc.
There is a third book that I forgot to mention when I started writing this post, and that is The Book of Strangers by Ian Dallas, really a pseudo-autobiographical account of a mysterious disappearance and a journey to solve the mystery. It's really an account of a man's journey into Sufism, a belief system that began in Islamic roots but became more universal over time, although It's still probably basically Islamic at heart. It's very easy reading because of its being formatted as an adventurous journey. The only cautionary word I would provide is this: At the very beginning of the book, there are three or four pages that seem to be about the preparations for a caravan or other long journey in China sometime in the Middle Ages. It doesn't seem to have much to do with anything, particularly the story line, which is set in modern times, originally in a great University library. So the Chinese part seems easy to skip for a variety of reasons, but you shouldn't skip those three or four pages. In fact, I'd read 'em two or three times, just to ensure a proper understanding, because they are key to the theme of the book.
<<Thanks>>
You're welcome. I hope some of this was helpful.